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Theology of Suffering and Celebration

My husband and I just attended a thought-provoking, challenging and potentially life-changing conference this weekend focused on the changing demographics and “mission field” on our very own doorstep. We heard from Dr. Soong-Chan Rah, a professor at North Park Seminary and well-respected thinker in the world of Christian social action. Dr. Rah spoke of the theologies of suffering and celebration that mark different groups in Christendom. What I am sharing here are largely his thoughts gleaned from his study of other thinkers in this arena and their studies, but I write them because I am challenged by this and think that this idea should profoundly impact the Church. More »

Zimbabwe and the Anglicans

I can’t tell you how excited I was to read that the archbishops in the Worldwide Anglican Communion recently issued a statement requesting that President Mugabe of Zimbabwe step down from his role. They recognized that his leadership has been one of oppression, killing, secret kidnappings, threats and simply put, human rights violations. They also stated that his position as president at this time is illegitimate considering that he lost last year’s election. These archbishops have called upon the various leaders in the Anglican world as well as the laypersons in the church to speak out on this issue and to provide for the physical needs of the people of Zimbabwe.

Wednesday, February 25th, which is Ash Wednesday, has been designated by them as a day to stand in support of Zimbabweans who have long been oppressed and to pray for them.

Broken Fragments

I attend a church where we celebrate the Lord’s Supper or Eucharist on a weekly basis–actually, we celebrate it on Sunday and on Wednesday. Recently, we have been using a liturgy for the Eucharist that comes from the church in Kenya and includes this prayer:

O God of our ancestors, God of our people, before whose face the human generations pass away: We thank you that in you we are kept safe forever, and that the broken fragments of our history are gathered up in the redeeming act of your dear Son, remembered in this holy sacrament of bread and wine. Help us to walk daily in the Communion of Saints, declaring our faith in the forgiveness of sins and the resurrection of the body. Now send us out in the power of your Holy Spirit to live and work for your praise and glory. Amen.

What does this have to do with justice or poverty or mercy? Well, “the broken fragments of our history are gathered up in the redeeming act of [Jesus Christ].” Praise God that through His love and through His mercy, all of the injustice that we have committed, that our ancestors have committed, that our children and grandchildren will commit, is gathered up through Jesus Christ, the Just, for if they were not, I don’t think that this life would be worth living.

The end of this particular liturgy is a blessing, and it goes like this:

All our problems we send to the cross of Christ. All our difficulties we send to the cross of Christ. All the devil’s works we send to the cross of Christ. All our hopes we set on the risen Christ.

And so, today, as I am surrounded by a world filled with injustice, as I struggle against my own sinful inclination towards injustice and unmercifulness, I set my hopes on the risen Christ, for, as my dear husband gently reminded me yesterday, “Susan, one person cannot change the world by herself, but God can.” What a comfort. What a hope!

Jesus’ unsound theology

31 “When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne. 32Before him will be gathered all the nations, and he will separate people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left. 34Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. 35For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, 36 I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you visited me, I was in prison and you came to me.’ 37Then the righteous will answer him, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you drink? 38And when did we see you a stranger and welcome you, or naked and clothe you? 39And when did we see you sick or in prison and visit you?’ 40And the King will answer them, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me.’

41“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. 42For I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink, 43I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’ 44Then they also will answer, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not minister to you?’ 45Then he will answer them, saying, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did not do it to one of the least of these, you did not do it to me.’ 46And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.” –Matthew 25:31-46

I don’t feel qualified to exegete this passage, so I won’t. I’ll just share a few thoughts and leave you hanging.

Salvation is by grace through faith and not by works. Faith without works is dead (meaning, not in existence). So how do these words of Jesus fit in? Perhaps in our evangelical fear of giving the wrong impression (that we must earn our salvation or do works to keep it), we tend to ignore this passage in its entirety because it seems to be on the verge of being theologically unsound (wait, can Jesus be theologically unsound?) and we just focus on the first part, the nice part where, at the end of the sermon, we all feel like going to volunteer at the local soup kitchen.

In fact, I find that I am afraid that if I try to make sense of this passage, readers might begin to think my theology is messed up. So, maybe I’ll just leave this passage here for you to ponder, and I’ll ponder it too, and let’s all ask God to unveil our eyes so that we can understand and accept what Christ is calling us to in this passage. I don’t fully understand it, but every time I read it, I am disturbed. However, I’m going to stop running from that disturbed feeling and confront it and see what cool thing God makes of it. One thing I know, God doesn’t say ANYTHING He doesn’t mean.

Why is giving easier for the poor?

I remember walking up to a hut in Zambia, the first hut I ever visited, and meeting a dear elderly couple. Their son had returned from the city, and he was “sick” (he was dying of AIDS). We sat outside on seats made of scraps of wood that had been nailed together while our hosts, who were significantly older than us and deserving of OUR respect, sat on the ground. Then, they brought out a bowl full of ground nuts, a gift to us that greatly diminished their small wealth…

Just before New Years, I went to visit my friend, a refugee who makes next to nothing, works in a job that doesn’t come close to suiting her skills and talents, cares for her family and has the heart of a saint. I mentioned to her that I was feeling pretty sick and wouldn’t stay long, at which point she offered me some canned soup to take with me. I accepted. She then went to her pantry and proceeded to fill a grocery bag with soup and any other food that she thought I could use…

Why is it easier for the poor to give abundantly while we who are blessed with so much have to carefully consider how giving of our time, money, resources, and surplus will effect our comfort or whether or not we will be taken advantage of if we share? Perhaps those who have lost so much know well how to hold loosely to the things of this earth. Perhaps they know better than most of us* the joy of giving.

*Mind you, I know many among us wealthy people of the world (let us consider wealth as defined in comparison to the average wage of most people worldwide–under $1/day) who are very generous and who give with great joy. My own mom is one of those people. However, I have observed in myself and in the Church (particularly the American church) a tendency to rationalize and weigh heavily the personal cost of generosity in a way that is disturbing, in a way that robs us of the joy of giving and receiving with the love of Christ, with no fear of loss.

"Is not this the fast that I choose: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the straps of the yoke, to let the oppressed go free, and to break every yoke? Is it not to share your bread with the hungry and bring the homeless poor into your house; when you see the naked, to cover him, and not to hide yourself from your own flesh? Then shall your light break forth like the dawn, and your healing shall spring up speedily; your righteousness shall go before you; the glory of the LORD shall be your rear guard. Then you shall call, and the LORD will answer; you shall cry, and he will say, 'Here I am.' If you take away the yoke from your midst, the pointing of the finger, and speaking wickedness, if you pour yourself out for the hungry and satisfy the desire of the afflicted, then shall your light rise in the darkness and your gloom be as the noonday. And the LORD will guide you continually and satisfy your desire in scorched places and make your bones strong; and you shall be like a watered garden, like a spring of water, whose waters do not fail. And your ancient ruins shall be rebuilt; you shall raise up the foundations of many generations; you shall be called the repairer of the breach, the restorer of streets to dwell in." -Isaiah 58:6-12